List some good things about stress and some bad

Show some beneficial things about pressure and some awful and attempt to give models. Incorporate short expound up on Holmes and Rahe scale on the meaning of pressure. The perfect measure of pressure can be utilized as boost to realize an improvement in execution or an all the more genius dynamic action.â In the school setting, an understudy might be compelled to concentrate because of stress achieved by bombing marks/coming up short grades.â Similarly, in the work setting, a notification of advancement, motivation or even downgrade can achieve exercises or yields from a worker. Notwithstanding, busy working or in school, an excess of stress can likewise prompt burnouts and diminished quality yields. Over pressure can influence a person’s wellbeing and enthusiastic, physical, and mental well-being.â Excessive pressure can cause serious uneasiness, work disappointment, weakness, heart infirmity and other wellbeing related issues. Stress comes about when we are confronted with changes in our life.â These events can be certain adjustments throughout our life, or it tends to be viewed as negative changes. Whatever their outcome, the way that our harmony has been upset causes pressure since they power our body to respond to the stressors/factors that were presented in our schedules. As indicated by the Holmes-Rahe Scale, various types of pressure we experience (in the case of coming about because of positive or negative occasions) in our day by day lives increment likelihood of disease or even death.â Values are given to relate to these stressors.â The higher incentive in the scale, the higher the probability of sickness or potentially passing. Give one analysis of the Holmes and Rahe live occasions scale as a methods for estimating pressure. In considering the scale, it very well may be seen that some positive pressure are given focuses/score practically equivalent to negative pressure. I accept this ought not be the situation since we know what influences us emphatically or adversely, and upbeat occasions are not dangerous by any stretch of the imagination. A particular model is the score for Reconciliation in Marriage is 45 while Dismissal from a Job is scored 47.â Reconciliation with friends and family generally brings an upbeat inclination. Upbeat occasions ought not be considered as components causing our illness.â actually, euphoric occasions give us motivation and an energy to live our lives without limit. 1 of the variables that expansion worry in workers is the postponements brought about by congested driving conditions propose 1 other factor in driving that will cause pressure. Beside the deferrals brought about by moderate moving traffic, another stressor is the inclination that your arrangements/targets for the postponement are being eased back somewhere near the traffic.â This sentiment of non-fulfillment is likewise causing pressure. Name two life occasions which are known to cause worry in people. There are numerous life occasions/all inclusive occasions in a person’s life that achieves pressure. This might be identified with change in work setting or obligations or it might be wellbeing related. To name two life occasions, one is close to home/cherished one’s sickness and demise or loss of a friend or family member. Portray 2 mental impacts of pressure. Two mental impacts of pressure incorporate tension and apprehension which may prompt real wellbeing dangers, for example, heart diseases from hypertension, and conceivably grown-up diabetes.â There are additionally a few occurrences of memory misfortune because of stress. What is one bit of leeway of the pressure reaction? One favorable position of pressure reaction is having the option to respond to stress.â This response can become positive activities that will profit the individual and give eagerness in a specific task.â A model would be an individual â€Å"stressed† from a conjugal compromise would most likely move toward his mornings more joyful and his more energetically.â He would likewise be increasingly charming to companions and colleagues, all as a result of the current change in his normal life (existence without his significant other to impart experiences to). Framework a model from regular day to day existence when an expanded physiological excitement has constructive outcome on an individual. One model from regular day to day existence is the point at which an individual is driving and hits an obstruction making him increasingly aware of what he is doing.â This readiness is a physiological excitement that makes him progressively mindful to driving, which brings about a more secure excursion. The general adjustment disorder has 3 stages: phase of obstruction phase of weariness, and alert response, submit them in right request. The primary stage in the GAS condition is the Alarm response where the body’s response to push is quick, for example, body development or movement. Caution response for the most part happens when the body is presented to unexpected or immediate pressure. The second stage in the condition is the phase of opposition where the body attempts to oppose or adjust to the stressor wanting to decrease its effects.â When the body gets drained/can no longer oppose the pressure, the third stage, the Stage of Exhaustion, becomes possibly the most important factor. As indicated by the Yerkes Dodson Law, what befalls execution as excitement increments? In view of the Yerkes Dodson Law, your presentation will improve when excitement increases.â But a person’s stress resilience might be to a certain extent.â Too much pressure will likewise cause terrible showing. As per this Law, stress ought to be applied tolerably to acquire ideal execution level. The term locus of control alludes to how much control people accept that they have over the occasions that transpire. What impact does locus of control have on pressure? There are two sorts of locus of control apparent by a person. One is interior locus of control where the individual feels that most if not all occasions that happen are impacted by his own exercises/activities while outer locus of control is the place the individual feels that all occasions isn't legitimately influenced by him. Inward and outer locus of control is two closures of a rope. The higher the inside locus of control, the lower an individual sees his outside locus of control. In light of edited compositions of Occupational Studies, research demonstrated that higher the outside locus of control apparent, the higher pressure comes into play.â This suggests the more the individual feels he isn't in charge of the occasions occurring around him, the higher the pressure, the more he gets worried, which brings about higher employment disappointment, and at last occupation wear out. Depict 2 feeling centered methodologies for decreasing pressure. Two feeling centered procedures for lessening pressure is by evasion of psychological consideration from the wellspring of stress, and by modifying the impression of the person by constructive reasoning. Not concentrating on something unpleasant in some way or another controls/limits a person’s response to this stressor.â Likewise, constructive deduction way to deal with â€Å"stressful† things can help in decreasing worry by changing the individual’s view of what are viewed as upsetting. Sources: By David Fontana, D. (1989).Stress. From Managing Stress, The British Psychology Society and Routledge, Ldt Recovered on June 6, 2007 from http://honolulu.hawaii.edu/intranet/boards of trustees/FacDevCom/guidebk/teachtip/stress.htm Shwartz, M. (2007). Robert Sapolsky talks about physiological impacts of pressure. Stanford Report 2007 Recovered on June 6, 2007 from http://news-service.stanford.edu/news/2007/march7/sapolskysr-030707.html Hennessy, D.W. et.al The Influence of Traffic Congestion, Daily Hassles, and Trait Stress Susceptibility on State Driver Stress: An Interactive Perspective Recovered on June 6, 2007 from http://72.14.235.104/search?q=cache:sS1BKtW4pwUJ:www.bellpub.com/jabr/2000/th000206.pdf+stress+from+traffic&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=1&gl=ph Heathfield,S.M.(2007).Understanding Stress and Workplace Stress. Recovered on June 6, 2007 from http://humanresources.about.com/od/stressandtimemanagement/a/stress_time.htm Zuck, M.V. (2002).General Adaptation Syndrome. Storm Encyclopedia of Medicine, Published December, 2002 by the Gale Group Recovered on June 6, 2007 from http://www.healthatoz.com/healthatoz/Atoz/normal/norm/transform.jsp?requestURI=/healthatoz/Atoz/ency/general_adaptation_syndrome.jsp Bambrick, L. (2006). The Yerkes-whatzy law of who now? Recovered on June 6, 2007 from http://secretgeek.net/ydlaw.asp Rahim, MA (1995).A similar investigation of business people and chiefs: stress, burnout, locus of control, and social help. J Health Hum Serv Adm. 1995 Summer;18(1):68-89. Recovered on June 6, 2007 from www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/destinations/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10152341&dopt=Abstract Jain, V.K., et.al. (1996). Impacts of locus of control, word related pressure, and mental trouble on work fulfillment among medical caretakers. Psychol Rep. 1996 Jun;78(3 Pt 2):1256-8. Recovered on June 6, 2007 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/destinations/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8816047&dopt=Abstract Behson, S.J.Informal Work Accommodations to Family: A Potential Coping Strategy for Reducing the Stress Associated with Work-Family Conflict among Professional Employees. Recovered on June 6, 2007 from http://www.chrms.org/library/casual/inform1a.htm   Â

Monolith of Inhumanity (2012) by Cattle Decapitation free essay sample

Steers Decapitation is an American grindcore band that have been around for a little while, in spite of the fact that this collection here is their breakout collection to numerous individuals. Initially comprising of four devoted veggie lovers now they have two individuals that are still from the first lineup. Indeed the name Cattle Decapitation originated from their contempt for creature butcher, food and items. Likewise, Im looking into this in respect and holding up of their up and coming collection The Anthropocene Extinction which I should survey also. This collection is moderately short for what its value. Remaining at just 43 minutes and containing 11 tracks, you need to figure that many, if not, these tracks are inside the 3 brief imprints, yet at the same time unimaginably staging and merciless in any case. Travis, the frontman, has a wide range of vocal styles that he uses in this collection which are regularly the basic snarls, pig screeches, and his form of bogus shouts. We will compose a custom article test on Stone monument of Inhumanity (2012) by Cattle Decapitation or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Alot of this you can ordinarily find in a grindcore collection by the way(although theyre tongue in cheek called Progressive Vegetarian Grindcore due to course), and have since been staples. In each track yet one, they will in all likelihood attempt to cover you in this profoundly forceful sound that they have very settled before hand and you need to consistently be pelted by this mind blowing power. Regardless of whether you dont like inconceivably forceful music, I can nearly promise you will like something from this. The drums are additionally unbelievably quick and incredible and add to the weight of this main impetus. No compelling reason to remove their foot from the quickening agent on this one for them, they do switch things up regularly and can by one way or another fit in 70,000 tons of power in what appears one track. The guitars and bass, while not inconceivably overwhelming, dont truly must be either a direct result of the manner in which they hold up everything else. No truly, they can without much of a stretch find the drums and even have extremely quick performances every so often that do mollify the weight a piece, for my situation, and gives you space t o move around, yet it despite everything keeps up weight and grounds to be taken seriously. The verses can be somewhat realistic nonetheless, this is grindcore, its something to expect, yet on the off chance that you can move beyond that as an expressive individual and not resent it, youre free. Melodies like Forced Gender Reassignment appear to have ostensibly the most foul and gross verses ever believable to the normal psyche in spite of the fact that if youre unbelievably touchy, get a pail, bowl, or have a restroom close by just on the off chance that you have to barf at seeing the verses, trust me, youll express gratitude toward me later. Despite the fact that it isnt for everybody, I cannot state its difficult to suggest. This was one of the enormous, substantial loads in 2012 as far as discharges and have been generally know still right up 'til the present time. I look at this as an extraordinary collection.

14 of the Most Popular Employee Perks Job Perks Employees Love more than a Salary Raise

14 of the Most Popular Employee Perks â€" Job Perks Employees Love more than a Salary Raise Employers are taking employee enjoyment much more seriously â€" and for a good reason. According to a 700-person employee experiment, being happy at work actually boosts your productivity. If you are able to keep employees happy, you can benefit in terms of productivity and even financial gains. So, how can you achieve these happier and more productive employees?One of the easiest ways is by looking into employee perks â€" those additional benefits you can provide to your employees to keep them more satisfied in their roles. Rewards can help create a more positive and caring work environment. By providing perquisites, you tell to your employees that their wellbeing matters to you and that you are willing to listen to them â€" you put employee satisfaction above pure profit.These perks can be attractive to employees and in keeping those employees that already work for you committed in your business. If you provide good enough benefits and you focus on keeping employees happy, they are unlikely to want to leave. While salary increase is often the go-to perk, there are perks many employees actually love more than a salary raise. In fact, a Glassdoor employment survey said 4 in 5 employees want other benefits more than a pay increase. Let’s look at 14 of the most popular employee perks and examples of companies implementing them right now.THE PURE MONETARY PERKSIt goes without saying that money is an important employee perk. Who would ever say ‘no’ to a salary increase? But monetary perks are not just about the salary raise. Other purely monetary-based benefits exist for employers to provide to employees.1. Paid time offOn top of the list of employee perks workers want is paid time off. Everyone needs some time off from work but you don’t want it to cause you to suffer too much financially. If a company can provide both time off and to compensate financially for the break, it can attract plenty of workers. The Glassdoor employment survey showed 37% of employees appreciate paid time off more than a pure salary increase.The perk is also one that a lot of companies have jumped on board. TranswerWise makes sure its employees are able to attend an all-expenses paid holiday every year. In fact, the perk is slowly moving away from a few weeks of paid time-off to an unlimited amount of time. Yes, you read that right: companies are now offering employees the option to take as much time off from work as they want. Here’s Kathryn Minshew, CEO of the Muse, discussing why she thinks the perk is beneficial. Paid time off can also include paid sick days. There are still occasions where employees won’t receive any compensation for the days they need to take off for sickness. In fact, recently there have been news stories of companies charging employees that can’t find a replacement to cover for them when they need to take time off when ill. Therefore, an option to be sick without financial loss can seem lucrative for many.2. Performance bonusesEmployees also appreciate per formance bonuses. These are different from salary increase, as they tend to be one-off payments based on certain pre-determined metrics. The bonus is either based on the company performing well â€" a bonus paid for all employees if the company profits go up â€" or on the performance of the individual employee â€" a bonus based on achieving specific sales targets.Software company Huddle is an example as it gives employees around $6,000 joining bonus and an annual $600 gift. Interestingly, the performance bonus might not always relate to work performance. CloudApps has implemented a system of ‘green bonuses’, which are rewards given to employees for taking positive environmental actions, such as recycling at work.3. Retirement and pension plansEmployees are not just interested in monetary perks that support them in the current situation. Smart employees are also looking for future â€" securing their retirement is an important part of financial planning. It’s not a surprise then to find retirement and pension plans at the top of popular employee perks. The benefit is about providing employment with a proper retirement or pension plan or some sort of other financial incentive for the future.The list of companies that offer some sort of retirement plan is a long one â€" again, showing it is such a popular perk. Quartz listed companies that offer defined-benefit pensions plans in 2016, with the list featuring companies such as Johnson Johnson and Prudential Financial Inc.THE PERKS TO STAY HEALTHYHealthy employees are happy employees. When it comes to employee perks, health-related benefits are becoming more popular. These can boost employee performance and help them feel more valued as well.4. Medical insuranceHealthcare provision is not quite the same around the world. Some countries provide quality healthcare without much cost to the person, while others require you to pay for your own healthcare through insurance payments and other such systems.The mixture of healthcare and the regional differences have turned medical insurance into a popular employee perk. In the Glassdoor survey, additional medical insurance provided by the employer actually scored the top spot. Employees want to stay healthy and they appreciate it when the employer is willing to help them.Aside from pure medical insurance, dental insurance has become a popular perk. Allen Overy, the UK-based law firm, provides on-site dentistry, ensuring employees’ teeth are in top-notch condition at all times. Indeed, the opportunity to visit a doctor on-site is a popular perk, especially if part of the costs are covered by the employer.5. Gym and other such member programsOf course, you can stay healthy by staying fit and employers have understood the benefit of keeping their workforce in good condition. The healthier your employees are, the less you lose money on sick days. The revelation has led to the increase in employee perks such as gym membership programs.It doesn’t need to be a gym necessarily, wellness programs whether it’s yoga or spinning are popular. Some organizations have on-site fitness facilities while others simply provide vouchers to the local gyms and fitness centers. Pentland Brands offers an on-site swimming pool, gym and even a football pitch to help employees stay healthy and fit.Another interesting take on this health perk is the support companies can provide for keeping fit. An UK developer of online games provides its staff free bicycle repairs â€" it acts as an incentive for employees to cycle to work and maintain better health. Jagex has had quite a success with this unusual take on this health-related employee reward.Naomi Pelley, regional director in Account Management, has given an interesting interview on the benefits of helping employees stay fit, especially in terms of stress management: 6. Extra time-offFinally, aside from keeping employees fit and ensuring they have access to proper healthcare, employers have also understood the value of extra time-off. You can recharge your batteries by simply switching off for a bit and allowing your mind and body to rest. As mentioned in the previous section, employees appreciate extra time-off from work, especially if they don’t lose out financially during the break.The extra time-off can be proper vacation time or it can be the option to take a few extra hours of or to get an extra day off near a holiday. For example, insurance company Swinton Insurance provides its employees with an additional day off to do Christmas shopping.These sorts of extra moments away from work can be crucial for staying healthy and motivated and are definitely among the favorite employee perks companies can provide.THE PERKS TO PERFORM BETTERGood employees are passionate about their work and they want to help the business to succeed. Therefore, it can be easy to attract employees with benefits that boost their work performance and make working just a bit smoother.7. Flexible scheduleNine to five work hours are clearly becoming a thing of the past. Studies have shown that productivity can go up if employees are able to be more flexible about when and where they work. This kind of flexible scheduling of work is quickly increasing in popularity when it comes to employee perks. Employees appreciate if they are able to:Occasionally work from homeDecide their own work hours with more flexibilityLeave the office to work from a café or a local library, for exampleThe perk has gained popularity among companies. The consumer goods giant Colgate-Palmolive allows its employees to set up flexible work hours, ensuring they can start later or work more on certain days, while spending less time in the office on others.8. Free development programs and coursesAs mentioned at the start of the section, employees who are passionate about their job want to improve their skillset â€" they appreciate companies that push them to improve and support them during the process. Em ployee perks like development programs for skills and courses that support career development are therefore popular options aside from a salary increase.Companies could provide free seminars that develop skills the employees use as part of their job or allow the personnel to take courses on skills like leadership. The perks are popular because they provide the employee with more potential to earn more in the future!Culture Amp recently listen 10 companies that help employees increase their future career potential. The list included companies such as:Pixar, which provides both required training programs as well as optional classes on a variety of disciplines for employeesEtsy, which has employees take classes on things like tap dancing and communicationDigital Ocean, with its individual development program for each employee9. Tuition coverage of reimbursementRelated closely to the above point is an employee reward under which the company provides tuition coverage or reimbursement for its employees. This is popular, especially in countries where higher education is not cheap.The benefit is about the company covering some or all of the cost of education the employee has either gone through or will go through. It can be a great way for the company to attract highly educated people and it can ensure employees are willing to re-educate themselves furtherPharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline announced back in 2011, it would pay off tuition fees for graduates, as part of its response to the government’s decision to increase tuition fees in England. The commitment only lasted for two years, but its popularity shows that employees definitely appreciate perks like this.10. Commuter assistanceEven when you enjoy and love your work, you don’t necessarily love getting to work. Crowded cities and failing infrastructure in many places in the world have made commuting a rather painful experience. Getting to work is not always easy and it definitely isn’t cheap â€" help from the employer will be greatly appreciated.Commuter assistance can range from things such as company shuttle service that gets employees from home to work to financial assistance to cover the cost of train or bus tickets. Microsoft is among those well-known companies that have understood the advantage of commuter assistance. The tech-giant offers free bus-services and free cycle tune-ups for those that cycle to work, for example.11. Volunteer timeEmployees also appreciate companies with a social conscience. The ability to do good for your community can be an attraction to working in a specific company, with companies also benefitting from its workforce doing good. It can build a better business reputation, but also help employees feel better at their own work. Therefore, a perk such as the ability to volunteer is popular among the modern workforce.The Body Shop is one of the companies that understands the power of this perk. The beauty product company allows its employees to volu nteer for three days a year for causes they care about. The time-off from work doesn’t cost anything for the employee â€" it’s like paid time-off, but instead of going on a holiday, these employees do something good in the neighborhood.THE PERKS TO RELAX AND UNWINDSome perks are quite quirky. Those rather small gestures that can make the employee feel more relaxed at work and those that can help them unwind.11. Office perksOffice perks are popular and range from the common â€" such as relaxed dress-code on Friday â€" to the unusual â€" such as the ability to play table football during the work day.The main idea behind office perks is to make the work environment a bit more fun and to take things less seriously. It’s about generating an atmosphere of laughter and comradely. So, what are the most common office-based employee perks companies offer? They include:Smart casual dress code, either at all times or for a specific dayFree office treats like cakes, healthy food or drinksA llowing the employees to unwind during the day, including provision of time-off for naps or walks to parksOffice games and other such additions to make the environment more relaxed and playfulGoogle’s offices are perhaps among the best examples of office perks for employees. The headquarters have free cafeterias, sleeping pods and even a giant slide to play with. Check out this introductory video to understand more: Furthermore, software company Jive Software offers an example of these quirky office rewards. The company offers free food, such as Bacon Thursday, to keep its employees happy and hunger-free!12. Employee discountsThe other example of quirky perks include employee discounts companies can offer. These are not just discounts to use the company’s own services, but special discounts employees can enjoy when going out or shopping for things.The most popular option is discounts to shop at specific retailers. ASOS staff benefit 40% off from online shopping, for example. Aut oTrader UK has started a wine club that delivers cheaper wine to its employees each month.The discounts can also be applied for specific events, such as cheaper cinema tickets, concert tickets or sports tickets. Some companies even offer a stipend that helps employees enjoy cheaper travel. Airbnb gives staff up to $2,000 in travel vouchers â€" a great way to help employees experience the world and unwind.THE FAMILY PERKSFinally, there are certain perks that attract to employees with families or those that are planning to start one in the near future. Family-related benefits are popular because they allow employees to have the career of their dreams and have a family at the same time.13. Paid maternal/paternal leaveDepending on the country you live, your rights might differ a great deal when it comes to work and having a family. While Finnish mothers are able to enjoy over 16 weeks of paid maternity leave, new mothers in the US aren’t in as strong legal position when it comes to pa id maternity leave.What’s more, Finnish fathers also get up to six weeks of paid paternity leave, while again, the US dads are left for fighting for time-off. It’s no wonder than parents in countries like the US are impressed if the company voluntarily offers paid maternal or paternal leave. It will ensure having a baby isn’t a financial liability and takes a bit of the stress away from starting a family.A lot of companies have understood the value of paid maternal and paternal leave. Netflix is among the companies that provide up to 12 months of paid parental leave â€" for both mothers and fathers.14. Childcare assistanceParents also appreciate help after it’s time to get back to work. Organizing childcare isn’t easy â€" sometimes the child is sick, the work hours might be unexpectedly long and so on. Not to mention, the cost of childcare can place quite a burden on parents.Therefore, when it comes to childcare assistance as an employment perk, two specific benefits are a t the top of the list:On-site childcare facilities â€" allow the parents to check up on the kids during the work day and it gives extra guarantees everything are going well with the kids. On-site childcare can also make the commute easier, as you don’t need to drop off the kids at a different location.Financial assistance to organize childcare â€" could be vouchers that cut down the cost of childcare or specific bonuses for slashing the prices.CA Technologies is an example of an employer that has taken this perk seriously. The American software company provides on-site day care service for company employees’ children. THE BOTTOM LINEWhile it would be hard to find an employee who says ‘no’ to a salary raise, there are a number of other perks that can weigh more in making a specific company seem more attractive.The above 14 employee perks are popular, often more so than a pure salary increase. They are attractive because they help the employee succeed better at work and at ho me â€" they make life easier and happier. Therefore, companies should pay attention to employee satisfaction â€" happier employees are more productive.Perhaps more importantly, companies should understand that it isn’t just the paycheck that matters, proper rewards can make the workplace seem attractive and help the employees feel passionate about the company and its mission.

The European Union And Foreign Policy - 2253 Words

The European Union is an organization unlike any other which includes an economic and political union between many different countries in Europe. It operates as a single institution with one foreign policy although it is composed of 28 individual countries with their own foreign policies. This paper, therefore, seeks to understand the institutional organization of the European Union in regards to foreign policy as well as provide an analysis of the actions the EU takes in its diplomacy. The EU has an interesting, albeit confusing, system in which it operates. In order to understand the organization of its foreign policy, we must look into the different institutions which govern the EU and explain their roles. First, there is the European Commission, which is composed of 28 ministers from each country and manages the day-to-day business of the EU as well as drafting proposals. The President of the European Commission is essentially seen as the head of the EU. 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Chemistry Self Assessment Test - 1896 Words

Self-assessment practice tests Test 1 – Material from Chapters 2–4 | 45 minutes 1 The kinetic theory suggests different arrangements for the atoms or molecules in the three states of matter. The diagrams below show how evidence suggests the particles are arranged in the three states of matter. 1 2 3 What are the three states shown? 1 A B C D 2 gas liquid solid liquid 2 liquid gas liquid solid 3 solid solid gas gas The graph shows the heating curve for a metal that is solid at room temperature (25  °C). The metal has been heated until it turns to vapour. D Temperature /  ºC C B A Time Which part of the graph represents the period of time when the metal is melting?  © Cambridge University Press IGCSE Chemistry Self-assessment practice†¦show more content†¦The table below shows the electronic structures of four elements. Which element is a noble gas? Element Number of electrons Shell 1 A B C D 2 2 2 1 Shell 2 0 2 6 0 18 The reactivity of elements within a group in the Periodic Table changes with their position in the group. What is the order of increasing reactivity of the elements in Group I and in Group VII? Group I A B C D Cs → Li Li → Cs Li → Cs Cs → Li Group VII F→I I→F F→I I→F  © Cambridge University Press IGCSE Chemistry Self-assessment practice test 1 6 19 The diagram shows an outline of the Periodic Table with certain elements marked. W V Y X Which of the elements V, W, X or Y is a metal and which is a non-metal? Non-metal A B C D Y Y W W Metal V X X V 20 Elements in the same group of the Periodic Table have similar properties. Element X is a colourless, unreactive gas. Which group of the Periodic Table is X in? A Group VI C Group 0 B Group I D Group VII 21 The structure of any atom is essentially defined by two numbers. How many protons, neutrons and electrons are present in an atom of the element with proton (atomic) number 6 and nucleon (mass) number 14? Protons A B C D 6 8 6 8 Neutrons 8 6 8 6 Electrons 6 6 8 8 22 Metals usually form compounds involving ionic bonding. How do metals form their ions? A by gaining protons C by losing electrons B by gaining electrons D by losing protons 23 Chlorine is a highly reactive non-metal. What particles are gained byShow MoreRelatedAcademic And Incentive Needs Of Science Teachers Essay1384 Words   |  6 PagesINCENTIVE NEEDS OF SCIENCE TEACHERS IN ONDO STATE, NIGERIA This study identified the perceived academic and incentive needs of Science Teachers and the significance of their experience on their needs using survey design. The instrument which was an assessment profile – Teachers’ Needs Questionnaire was used to collect data from Science Teachers in Ondo State, Nigeria. Introduction Science teaching in Nigeria has faced a lot of setbacks. One of the setbacks is teachers’ needs. This research is dealingRead MoreMy Letter : The Investigative Personality967 Words   |  4 Pagesinvestigations. They perform tests on evidence collected and often testify in court as expert witnesses. Their work environment is both outdoors and indoors. Most of their time is spent in a laboratory conducting tests and less time is spent at a crime scene collecting evidence. The median wage for this job is $55,360 annually. The projected growth is much faster than average, at about 14%. A bachelor’s degree is required for this job. Some of the subjects this job focuses on are chemistry, law and governmentRead MoreTesting Controls Much Of The Academic Career Of A Student1203 Words   |  5 Pagescareer of a student. 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Personal Response on Sexual Identity Free Essays

I am guided by the pursuit of pleasure because I prefer to do what feels right rather than what is best. I answer to my gut feeling or listen to my heart if you will. Was raised to do what Is best for me and not for anyone else, and have also taught myself never regret anything that I do but learn and grow from my mistakes. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Response on Sexual Identity or any similar topic only for you Order Now I also relate to the value rationalism, which may seem like I contradict myself but sometimes I do stop and think about the consequences before I act instead of living in the moment. In my past, I have made some terrible mistakes and has made me want to be more cautious about certain situations I come across. I believe that I will always relate to these values. Critical Thinking and Sexual Decision Making People may not know that they use critical thinking every time they make a sexual decision, but I know how Important It Is to think a sexual decision through before making a decision. I would consider myself a skeptic even after this class. Being a skeptic means that I have to question anything related to sexual activities. I find it important to think about the consequences before making a decision because I can avoid making mistakes. A time that I had to use critical thinking was when I was deciding whether to lose my virginity or not. That decision was not something that I could choose right away but would take me a while to think about the consequences. It was my decision ultimately to make, and no one could help me decide. Critical thinking is a must anytime you are about to make a life-altering decision. Gender Identity Gender identity is the belief in which you truly are. Before we are born we are given a sex assignment, based on the internal and external organs we have in the womb. As e grow up, we learn whom we are and determine which gender we agree with. Most of the time we identify with the gender we were assigned with when In the womb or after birth. There are times that Individuals choose the opposite gender than the one they were assigned. Factors that help determine gender identity is genetic factors, social factors and environmental factors. Between man and woman, 23 chromosomes are combined to make up the genetic code. The egg carriers the X sex chromosome and the sperm can carry either the X or Y sex chromosome. This is the sex assignment and usually the gender most people identify as. Social factors help they raised you as a boy, you would most likely identify yourself as a boy. Also, your peers can have an effect on how you determine your gender identity. If one wants to fit in, he or she may try to identify as the gender that their peers are. Environmental factors can help determine your gender identity by naturally shaping you into whom you believe you are. People go through many situations that can have an effect on your gender identify. The factors that have affected my gender identity are genetic factors, environmental factors and social factors. At birth, it was determined that I m a girl because of my internal and external organs I have. Social and environmental factors determined my gender identity because my parents raised me based on my sex assignment. My parents and our society taught me that there was only one way. Which technically meant that I had no say in my gender identity since I was born as a girl I was to remain a girl. The factor that most helps me to determine my gender identity was the social factor of my parents raising me as I was meant to be. Masculinity and Femininity On the continuum of masculinity-femininity, I fall close to the middle but closer to Minnie. I like to get dressed up and be â€Å"girl’ with makeup and purses, but I also like to hang with the guys and watch football and drink a beer. I would not say I am masculine in any way, but I do have masculine tendencies because I’m not afraid to get dirty. I grew up with both parents so I would say they balanced my feminine and masculine qualities. They taught me the important parts of being feminine and masculinity. My mother taught me to act like a lady, and my father taught me how to change a tire. Attraction There are three components of attractiveness; they are attitude, physical attraction ND reciprocity. The first thing someone notices about another person is his or her physical appearance. What makes a person want to further the relationship is his or her attitude. If they find the attitude to be attractive, chances are they will try to further the relationship. Reciprocity is when both parties want the same thing and will work together to make their relationship a lasting one. The factor that is most important to me would be an attitude because while physical attraction is the first thing I notice, attitude is the component that makes me want to act on my feelings. If someone does not have a good attitude or a similar attitude as mine, I will not find him or her attractive. Styles of Love The styles of love that are constant in my life right now are romantic love, possessive excited love and friendship. Romantic love has always been a constant in my life because I am a lover. When I fall in love, I fall hard. Romantic love is probably the truest love today. Possessive excited love is a style of love that I find in my life today. Although my boyfriend and I are not possessive, we have a lot of excitement in our relationship. The excitement to see each other after a long day of work or the excitement to have a date night keeps our relationship strong. Before my boyfriend and I decided to be in a relationship, we were really great friends. We bonded instantly and got along very well. When I started to feel like being friends was not enough for me, I had to let him know. Historical and Scientific Perspectives on Homosexuality Homosexuality is when an individual is attracted sexually or romantically to people of in our society we have people who protest against gays having equal rights such as arraign. Of course, our society has come a long way with heterosexuals fighting along side the homosexuals for the their rights. Historical and scientific perspectives have shaped the way I perceive my sexual orientation and myself. Historically, homosexual practices were either done in secret or known about but shunned. Homosexuals were looked down on and seen as abominations. In the past individuals who were accused of homosexuality were convicted by the â€Å"Office of the Night†, which was a group of Christians who felt negatively on homosexuals. In today’s society, homosexuals do not have to hide that they are gay because they can not be convicted for whom they are. Unfortunately, there are still individuals out there that do not agree with homosexuality. There is still the potential of gay individuals being harassed by those individuals. Hate crimes are still common in our society. I am not gay, but I do have gay friends and family, and I do not look at them any differently; instead I stand beside them and protect them from any hate that comes their way. History has only taught me that we need to fight for the rights and that I need to be true to myself. Scientific perspectives have researched the possibility of genetics and mental health being the cause of homosexuality. They have studied family trees to determine if homosexuality can be passed down through generations. They only found that the X chromosome could influence sexual orientation. The researchers have also studied the brain and the possibility that homosexuality can be caused by a mental illness of some sort. Scientific perspectives have not reflected on my sexual orientation. I am straight because I choose to be. I believe that anyone should be able to love whoever they want without being Judged for it. Abortion When I was younger I always thought abortion was wrong because it was taking a life of a baby. As I grew up and learned more, I realized I was making my decision on abortion based off of others ideas of abortion. I became aware of abortion when a friend of mine in high school had an abortion after having sex once. I understood why she would want an abortion because of being in high school and she had her whole life ahead of her. Her family was very strict, and she was worried about her parents disowning her. How to cite Personal Response on Sexual Identity, Papers

Business Intelligence for Different Business Situations

Question: Describe about the Business Intelligence for Different Business Situations. Answer: Accounting firm case Business Intelligence (BI) Business climates are constantly changing to which organizations have to respond with appropriate decisions. Business intelligence is the conceptual foundation for making such business decisions and thus, they can be used for getting data, visualizing it, performing models, dashboards, and taking critical decisions. To survive in a challenging business environment, companies have to keep responding to competitive pressures and measure if the response is in the right direction towards achieving right business objectives(Cokins, 2006). At any point of time, this requires a manager to navigate through hordes of responsibilities and information to come up with appropriate decisions in different business situations. This would demand designing of business situational models such that decisions can be made tactically and strategically in an organized way. These decisions can be structured, semi-structured, or unstructured. Use of computers for making such decisions can speed up the process and improve the accuracy of efficiency of decision-making. Business Intelligence tools like Decision support systems are thus being used by many organization that act as the foundations to rely on for taking critical business decisions (Holodnik-Janczura Golinska, 2010). Business Intelligence is actually an umbrella term for a various set of IT entities including databases, tools, architecture, applications, and methodologies. The key approach used in any of the BI system is consolidation of data on company processes, extraction of information from this data and presentation of the same in such a way that it can be used as a foundation for taking strategic and tactical business decisions. There are a wide variety of BI tools that are available for use such as Enterprise resource Planning (ERP), Customer Relationship Management (CRM), and Supply Chain Management (SCM)(IBM Cognos, 2009). For presentation of the business information, certain front-end components and tools are used in BI software systems such as databases, data transformation tools, analytics, visualization, and connectivity tools. BI is used in many areas, disciplines and departments of an enterprise including marketing, sales, customer relationship management, procurement, logistics, m anufacturing, financial control, search engineer optimization, human resource management, information and communication management and so on(Horakova Skalska, 2013). Competitive Advantage with BI Business Intelligence implementations in organizations bring some major benefits that include: Saving in data management costs due to consolidation Time saved on data search and deliveries Better quality of information Support for decision making Business process reengineering (Kumar, et al., 2013) Support for strategic goals of a business reduction of the dispersion in the business related information Improved interaction between users real time information availability flexibility built into system in adopting to dynamics of business Improvement in employee productivity(Nandi, 2012) With a set of these benefits in place, a company can build a competitive advantage for its business. Some ways this can be done by deploying BI tools are: Visualization: Visualization can be used for identifying patterns in data and companies can detect even that information, which can otherwise go ignored, in a manual data scanning. This could reveal if the data or information is aligned with the strategic goals and objectives of the organization such that deviations can be observed and corrective measures can be taken(Guarda, et al., 2013). Figure 1: Tableau Software Screenshot(Ajayi, 2013) In an accounting organization, visualization can be used for analysing and explaining complex financial problems with information dashboards and data models. Financial reports like Balance sheet and PL accounts can also be created fast through data abstraction making it easier for accountants to compare yearly reports and analyze exact numbers in financial statements for better understanding of company performance. Interactive charts and dashboards can be drilled down to minute details to discover patterns and issues in the accounting data. For instance, Tableau is a BI tool that allows one to create pie charts and histograms that are interactive allowing users to go deeper into the data (Ajayi, 2013) Consolidation of historical and new data: Any organization can utilize the repository of its historical data to identify patterns that could be advantageous for understanding business processes and improving them. This can help organizations take critical business decisions such as arriving at the most influential pricing model, identifying most effective marketing strategy and so on. In an accounting firm, the historical data on financial performance can be used for comparing performance of the company over the years to understand if the company is able to achieve the strategic goals of the organization over the years(Walker, 2006). Integration of information: Any organization that is a part of a supply chain may get affected by or need information from other members of the channel. With BI, all these supply chain partners can be brought together with their data consolidated enabling a smooth flow of information between them such that business processes can be formalized and real time information about the business can be obtained (Munteam Mircea, 2008). System integration: With integration of different tools used for various processes such as monitoring, reporting, data management, and other features, standards and procedures can be formally defined such that the organization can ensure that the procedures adopted comply with objectives and there is a proper visibility into the system(Horakova Skalska, 2013). Defining Stakeholder requirements: BI tools can be use to record and define stakeholder requirements for any project such that any deliveries made by any organization using BI tool can ensure that all stakeholder requirements are met thereby improving the stakeholder satisfaction. Various stakeholders can be team members, internal customers, external customers, line managers, senior managers, other departments, clients, industry experts, opinion leaders, communities, government agencies, shareholders, trade unions, and suppliers. Recording of stakeholder requirements in an accounting firm can help a firm understand if there are any conflicts in the requirements such that the same can be resolved. As stakeholders have a strong influence on the success of any organization, this information would be helpful in understanding their needs such that conflicts between different stakeholders could be avoided and communication can be improved so as the improve the performance of internal stakeholders and perception of external stakeholders about the organization(ContentExtra, 2012). Data Mining and Analytics in retail loyalty card schemes Analytics can be used for identifying meaning patterns from a data set. In a retail industry, the customer data is used for performing analytics such that the results obtained can be used for designing customer loyalty schemes. Analytics can be used for predictive modelling in retail by studying pas data about consumer behaviour to predict specific consumer behaviour as a reaction to a product or in response to a marketing message or campaign. Descriptive models may also be used for identifying consumer relationships and creating a classification for them. With the use of analytic tools, a retail organization can do the following: Identify consumer segments and do a detailed profiling of each segment to identify target customers who can be most profitable for the organization. A special loyalty benefit may be provided to these consumers in response to their purchases. Identify consumer needs and predict their behaviour in response to various loyalty schemes such that loyalty scheme that gives most profitable customers can be utilized to build loyalty in customers. Targeted promotions and advertisements can be formulated and delivered based on the analytics to get more loyal customers Retail organizations use the methods for overcoming specific challenges of loyalty schemes by using in-store and online analytics. In the in-store analytics, consumers are monitored physically in the store and the data is collected on their movements through video capture, about their gender, store visits and so on. This is often used for identifying products that are hot for customers and their movement patterns can be used for designing a better store experience. Online analytics is possible through the collection of data from social media, mobile devices, and web searches that could be useful in understanding online movement of consumers, sentiments of consumers about the brand, and their online shopping patterns. This can help a company understand the satisfaction levels of customers. It also helps a company design personalized services to consumers based on their preferences, demographics and other personal information(Gupta Kumar, 2014). Data Analytics is now being used as a core of loyalty programs by many organizations for segmenting consumers by using consumer data such as demographics, transactional data, and credit reports and so on. The analytics data is obtained by these organizations from multiple sources including websites, mobile devices, and social media and analytics methods that are used for gaining insights from this data include market basket analysis, customer experience analysis, social media analytics and so on(Friesen, et al., 2014). Figure 2: Customer Loyalty Trends There exist some key trends that are being observed in retail organizations that use insights from consumer analytics to design and customize their loyalty programs such as providing seamless channel experience, use of customer rating mechanism, automated product placements and so on. Queensland Health systems implementationCase Implementation Failure Queensland government consisted of three types of organizations that were connected including government departments and agencies, their owned corporations, and general statutory bodies. Queensland health was one organization that was run by the government for providing medical, dental and age care services across geography for Australian population. The employees of the organization were paid through a payroll system called LATTICE which as rolled out in the organization between 1999 and 2002. However, by the year 2005, the system became obsolete and a decision was taken to replace the legacy system by a standardized software solution (SSI) including SAP HR and SAP Finance. Figure 3: Queensland Health Schedule Delays This SSI was expected to deliver a series of benefits including system consolidation, increased cost visibility, reduced duplication of data, licence cost reduction, reduction in personnel requirements, economies of scale, increase in service standards through focus on core, and information consistency across governmental organizations. However, due to inherent system and solution complexities, the implementation project completely failed after exceeding both budget and planned schedule with huge variations. While the go Live was to happen in the year 2008, the dates were missed over the coming years and the project could only be completed by 2010. While the project was 18 months behind schedule, the cost variance was even huge going 300% over budget. Several reasons that had caused these cost and time overruns included: NO specific project management methodology was followed for implementation The roles and responsibilities of key stakeholders were not properly identified and defined Business requirements were not defined properly leading to challenges in testing The approach and structure used for the implementation was same as used for department of Public Housing project, which was not as complex as Queensland health and thus, did not suit the needs of new project. Any organization that plans to go for a complex software implementation process should follow certain best practices of project management such as clear articulation of requirements, use of an appropriate strategy for implementation, appropriate levels of system testing before go live, use of appropriate project management methodology and communication of project requirements and progress to stakeholders. None of these processes was followed in the case of Queensland health payroll system implementation(Mansharamani, 2011). Major challenges that were faced by the implementation project included: Industry Complexity: Healthcare industry catered to people, processes, and services that were managed by hospitals, pharmacies, and different diagnostic agencies. The industry structure was very different from other industry in terms of focus and size. While other industries catered to a few thousands of clients, this industry had to deal with millions. The diversity was huge, every case of individual patient was different, and thus, the requirement for having specialists was huge in numbers. There was a huge array of different roles, responsibilities, and salary brackets. There were some 24,000 combinations of wages for different types of healthcare professionals who managed cases of around 40,000 patients per day across 300 sites in Queensland. Requirement Definition: requirements of the project were not articulated clearly in the case of Queensland health payroll system implementation. There was no clear documentation of this requirement and thus, when the stage of testing came, issues arose in user acceptance and functionalities testing. The issues identified demanded additional components that were to be added to the project scope resulting in the increase of the project cost. Implementation strategy: The project was actually a part of solution that was to be implemented for the whole government and thus, it could have been done one by one in smaller and less complex government agencies but due to the LATTICE system which was obsolete, the payroll systems would not work if the implementation was not done for whole system and thus, the implementation was decided to be carried out for the entire government. For this complete implementation, the case of Department of Housing was taken as a base for developing implementation strategy. However, the complexities involved in the housing department was much less as it was a much smaller entity and thus, the approach was unlikely to appropriately manage the complexities of healthcare system which was much larger and complex(Devedzic, 2000). System testing and data quality: For the testing of the project, 10% of employees were involved before Go Live, which revealed discrepancies of $1.2 million AUD in fortnightly payroll, and these were majorly attributed to casual staff and overnight claims. Another test followed excluding these types of claims resulting into $30,000 AUD discrepancy. Because of the defects found in four categories, the system was stopped from going live. During subsequent testing phases, more issues were identified and the same were reclassified from time to time. Because of no rigorous testing performed at one point of time but only considering small number of testing samples, no tests revealed complete picture and thus, many critical issues were not resolve till the end resulting into incorrect payment and non-payment to a huge number of people from staff in the end. Figure 4:quasi-multiple client-contractor relationships Client consultant relationship complexities: Usually, in any project, one prime contractor is involved who may hire additional sub-contractors to manage certain activities. However, in the case of Queensland healthcare project, two contractors were involved including CorpTech and IBM resulting into quasi-multiple client-contractor relationships. This resulted into lack of clarity about roles and responsibilities of different parties. Project management and governance complexities: Queensland project did not use any formalized project management methodology for managing the project. This resulted into issues of communication as no proper governance technique was formalized for defining individual roles and responsibilities. Communication Issues: IBM did not put their best people on the project and those put on the project were resisted by the government employees who were not willing to cooperate and transfer required functional knowledge to the IBM team(Eden, et al., 2014). Systems Development Lifecycle approach for Improvement System Development Lifecycle Approach (SDLC) is used by software companies for designing, developing and testing of software. The aim is to produce high quality software that meets quality expectations of customers and help completing the project as per the planned time schedule and within cost estimates. Thus, this methodology is suggested for cases like Queensland Healthcare payroll system. SLDC consists of six simple stages including planning, defining, designing, building, testing, and deployment of a software. In the planning stage, senior members of the project team are made to take the inputs from customers, company departments, domain experts, and individuals through surveys. The information obtained at this stage is actually utilized to conduct a feasibility study for the software development involving economical, operational, and technical concerns. If the development is found feasible then in this stage, approaches are considered to take decisions on approaches that can be used for development and implementation of software with minimum risks(Franch Carvallo, 2003). After the plan for implementation is clear, the next step is to define requirements, document them appropriately, and get them approved by customer or through a market analysis. This could be done by using a Software Requirement Specification (SRS) document. This document would record all the requirements of the product to be developed for the entire product life cycle. With this definition, the testing could have been done much smoothly in the case of Queensland project. The next stage involves designing of a product architecture that suits best to the needs of the project. Design approaches can be documented in Design Documentation Specification (DDS) such that they can be reviewed by various stakeholders based on certain parameters like risks, robustness, design modularity, budget constraints, time constraints, and so on such that the best approach for development could be selected. In the current case, no options for different design approaches were considered but a direct base case of Department of Housing was taken to develop the architecture for the software(Chang, 2012). After the design is chosen, actual development of the project begins as per the DDS. After development, the testing of product is required which could be done to identify bugs. Issues are tracked, resolved and retests are done until all bugs are removed and the product assumes the same level of quality standard as defined in the SRS. Only after the functional testing is completed successfully, the product may go to the users for final testing and acceptance. In case of the Queensland project, there was no appropriate functional testing that was performed but a direct user testing on a very limited number of users was conducted for first and for all retests leading to unresolved issues that were not revealed during user testing(Vennapoos, 2008). The company may use one from a variety of SDLC models including waterfall, iterative, spiral, and V-model. An appropriate approach may be chosen by an organization based on certain parameters like user requirements, familiarity of users with technology, complications of a system, reliability of system, schedule, cost constraints, project management methodology used stakeholder visibility, team skills, documentation needs, and components reusability and so on. For instance, if the user requirements have to be made very clear on a project then a waterfall or V-shaped approach may not be most appropriate. Further, if the system to be developed is very complex, agile methodologies may not be feasible. With limitations on costs, an iterative SDLC approach would be most appropriate. In the case of Queensland project, the requirements need to be very clear, the system is very complex, and thus, a spiral approach may be most appropriate(Mishra Dubey, 2013). References Ahmad, N. Laplante, P. A., 2009. Software Project Management Tools: Making a Practical Decision Using AHP, s.l.: Penn State University . Ajayi, O. T., 2003. Interactive Data Visualization In Accounting Contexts: Impact On User Attitudes, Information Processing, And Decision Outcomes, Lafayette: University of Louisiana. Awad, M. A., 2005. A Comparison between Agile and Traditional Software Development Methodologies , s.l.: The University of Western Australia. Bruegge, B. Johnstone, J., 1997. Software Project Management Plan: JAMES Project, Pittsburgh, PA: Carnegie Mellon University. Chang, C., 2012. Selecting an Appropriate Software Development Lifecycle (SDL) Model in an Agency Environment. [Online] Available at: https://www.metia.com/seattle/chong-chang/2012/08/sdl-model-in-an-agency-environment/ [Accessed 12 November 2015]. Cokins, G., 2006. How do Business Intelligence and Performance Management Fit Together?. [Online] Available at: https://www.information-management.com/news/columns/-1051320-1.html [Accessed 1 October 2015]. ContentExtra, 2012. Idnetifying Stakeholders and their relevance, s.l.: ContentExtra. Devedzic, V., 2000. Software Project Management , Yugoslavia: University of Belgrade. Eden, Rebekah, Sedera Darshana, 2014. Building a Better World Through Information Systems. Aukland, New Zealand, 35th International Conference on Information Systems. Franch, X. Carvallo, J. P., 2003. Using Quality Models in Software Package Selection, s.l.: Universitat Politcnica de Catalunya. Friesen, S., Pujol, M. Bastone, J., 2014. Successful Loyalty through Analytics, s.l.: SAS. Guarda, T. et al., 2013. Business Intelligence as a Competitive Advantage for SMEs. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 4(4), pp. 187-191. Gupta, S. Kumar, N., 2014. Retail Analytics: Game Changer for Customer Loyalty, s.l.: Cognizant. Hoodnik-Janczura, G. Goliska, I., 2010. Operations Research And DecisionS, s.l.: Wrocaw University of Technology. Horakova, M. Skalska, H., 2013. Business Intelligence and Implementation in a Small Enterprise. Journal Of Systems Integration, Volume 2, pp. 50-61. IBM Cognos, 2009. Scorecarding with IBM Cognos 8 Business Intelligence, s.l.: IBM. Kumar, T., G.Sravanthi Deepthi, D., 2013. Competitive Advantage through Business Intelligence for E-Commerce. International Journal of Computer Organization Trends , 3(11), pp. 579-585. Levine, H., 2000. Simplifying Project Management Software Selection: A Balanced Approach , s.l.: Scitor Corporation. Mansharamani, R., 2011. Performance Testing, s.l.: Free Software Foundation. Michael J. Saylor, 2007. Applications of Industrial-Strength business Intelligence. s.l.: MicroStrategy Incorporated. Mishra, A. Dubey, D., 2013. A Comparative Study of Different Software Development Life Cycle Models in Different Scenarios. International Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science and Management Studies, 1(5), pp. 64-69. Muntean, M. Mircea, B., 2008. Business Intelligence Solutions for Gaining Competitive Advantage, s.l.: West University of Timisoara. Nandi, V. T., 2012. Maintaining Database: Business Intelligence Tool For Competitive Advantage. Business Intelligence Journal, 5(2), pp. 352-357. Vennapoos, C., 2008. What is the necessity of SDLC?. [Online] Available at: https://www.learn.geekinterview.com/it/sdlc/sdlc-necessity.html [Accessed 30 November 2015]. Walker, R. G., 2006. Consolidated Statements: a History and Analysis, s.l.: Sydney University Press.

Bristol-Myers Squibb Essays - Bristol-Myers Squibb, Clairol

Bristol-Myers Squibb Michael Zouroudis Cornerstone student in the College of Business Administration University of Central Florida October 15, 1999 Table of Contents Section Introduction/Executive Summary................................................................................................................3 Background..................................................................................................................................................4 Marketing Product/Service..................................................................................................................6 Place/Distribution..............................................................................................................7 Promotion/Advertising.......................................................................................................8 Management /Human Resources Training and Development................................................................................................9 Compensation and Rewards..............................................................................................9 Labor relations.................................................................................................................10 Finance Profitability and Cash Flow..............................................................................................10 Liquidity...........................................................................................................................12 Leverage/Capital Management........................................................................................13 Conclusion...................................................................................................................................13 References...................................................................................................................................14 Introduction and Executive Summary This document consists of an overall business review for the Pharmacuetical company Bristol-Myers Squibb. Although by no means a complete summary of their 1998 business dealings or stragety, it does give a nice overview of three of the most component and fundmentally sound aspects of any business, let alone a Fortune 500 business. This document starts by covering the Marketing aspect of Bristol-Myers Squibb. First covered is the most important structure of any company; its product. Inside is information on how they distribute their product, and where they distribute it to. Finally, we see how they promote their product, and which ways it is advertised. Management is the next topic of discussion. What style of management does Bristol-Myers Squibb conduct? The document talks about compensation given to their employees, and how the average employee is rewarded for acheving the unaverage level of excellence. Finally, the document focuses on Finance. It shows Bristol-Myers Squibb profits, it debts, how much money is invested in the company, and basically the direction that the Company is headed. Once again, this document is not nearly a complete breakdown of Bristol-Myers Squibb's 1998 business transactions. All this document is aiming for is to give an idea of the extreme complexity of the business world, understand(at least a little more) the strategy and competitiveness between companies, and maybe to enlighten a few on how much time and effort goes into such a giant of a company like this. Enjoy. History Bristol-Myers In 1887 William McLaren Bristol and John Ripley Myers decided to sink $5,000 into a failing drug manufacturing firm called the Clinton Pharmaceutical Company, located in Clinton, New York. The company was officially incorporated on December 13, 1887, with William Bristol as president and John Myers as vice president. In May 1898 came a new name: Bristol, Myers Company (a hyphen replaced the original comma after Myers's death in 1899 when the company became a corporation). The postwar depression prompted Bristol-Myers to jettison its ethical drug business and devote itself entirely to its specialties: its two big winners and a dozen or so assorted toiletries, antiseptics and cough syrups. Company headquarters was established in Manhattan, where it has remained ever since. And having shifted squarely into the consumer products arena, Bristol-Myers began advertising its products directly to the public. In 1924, gross profits topped $1 million for the first time in Bristol-Myers history. The company's products were on sale in 26 countries. At this point, the shares held by John Myers's heirs became available for sale, triggering a series of moves that turned Bristol-Myers into a publicly held company, listed on the New York Stock Exchange in 1929. In 1943, Bristol-Myers bought Cheplin Biological Labs, and quickly entered into the field of antibiotics. During the war, Bristol-Myers was a major distributor of penicillin and other types of antibiotics. By the end of the war, it was clear that penicillin and other antibiotics represented an immense opportunity for the company. Cheplin was renamed Bristol Laboratories, and Frederic N. Schwartz was put in charge of it. In 1957 Schwartz was appointed president and chief executive officer of Bristol-Myers when Henry Bristol chose to shed some of his former responsibilities and become chairman of the board. Reviewing the company's situation and prospects, Schwartz and then treasurer Gavin K. MacBain -- later Schwartz's successor as CEO -- decided that Bristol-Myers should embark on a program of acquiring well-managed smaller companies. The two executives' first major move in that direction was to acquire Clairol. Within a dozen or so years after Clairol joined the company, a number of other acquisitions followed, including those of Drackett, Mead Johnson, Zimmer and Westwood. In 1986 the company opened a state-of-the-art research complex in Wallingford, Connecticut, designed to house more than 800 scientists and support staff. In January 1994 Charles A. Heimbold, Jr., was elected chief executive officer. In 1995 Heimbold also became chairman. Squibb In 1856 Edward Robinson Squibb founded a pharmaceutical company in Brooklyn, New York, dedicated to the production of consistently pure medicines, like ether and chloroform. In 1905 the company was sold to Lowell M. Palmer

Could the self be an illusion

Could the self be an illusion The self, defined as an absolute, unchanging entity, which possesses unity, continuity and clear boundaries, may well be an illusion.Unity and continuity are easily disrupted in the normal course of life; they may be merely coincidental. Our supposedly unchanging selves do in fact alter according to their circumstances; the boundaries of the self change and a single self may even split to form multiple selves. By examining the self in terms of unity, continuity and boundaries, I will show how the possibilities for disruption of the self, as defined above, imply that it could be an illusion.Unity of a self implies that there is something that unites all my thoughts, feelings and experiences, i.e. that there is some sort of glue that makes them all true of me. The tendency is to call the glue the "self". Locke defined this as consciousness, that is, a person being "self to itself" by its consciousness of its present thoughts and actions .English: Neural Correlates Of ConsciousnessSo a single seat of consciousness may be termed a single self.This definition holds for my waking hours; however, there are obvious disruptions. What happens when I am anaesthetized, or fall into a deep sleep? I am not conscious of my present thoughts; I cannot even be said to have any "present thoughts". There are no experiences to be glued together, and there is no glue to bind them. Even when I dream, I may not be myself in my dream; I may, for example, be a butterfly . If the unified "I", as defined above, can somehow cease to exist for a time or be different things at different times, then unity, as defined by Locke, may be merely coincidental.The second question is that of continuity, that is, the sameness of the self over time.

What is statutory construction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

What is statutory construction - Essay Example The Right Honourable Kenneth Clarke QC MP, Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice made this declaration during his speech at the Dinner for the Judges at the Mansion House. His words sum up the courts’ sentiments when it comes to the issue of statutory interpretation. Apparently, among the powers bestowed by the constitution of the United Kingdom unto the judicial branch, the power to interpret laws is the most difficult which the courts exercise with utmost care and caution. Indeed, when an ambiguous Act of Parliament is brought before the court for interpretation, the court is caught between the crossfire of two opposing parties, each wanting for the law to be interpreted in such a way that would favor their interests. However, unlike regular legal battles where the court’s powers are limited to the application of the laws, in the case of statutory construction, the courts are toeing the line between judicial and legislative powers. There are no clear laws to be applied. The courts first need to ascertain what the law is and then apply it to a case before it. The courts need to fathom the spirit and purpose of the law as the Parliament has intended it to be without asking the legislators what the law means. Rather, the courts rely on established principles in trying to determine the intent of the legislators. In the exercise of its interpretive powers, the courts are governed by established principles of statutory interpretation ... Medical terms must be given and understood within the context of medicine and economic terms must be understood in the same way that economists understand it. The second principle is the pro bono publico. Under this rule, the courts always interpret the law in such a way that it would serve the public good. The courts weigh which of the possible interpretations of a given legislation shall best serve the public good and those that fail this criterion are dismissed. Here, the system of check and balance is at work. When the Parliament passes an ambiguous legislation, the courts ensure that the Acts of Parliament are applied and enforced for the greater and public good. The third principle is called in pari materia. This principle literally translates as â€Å"on the like matter†. This rule is basically used when the purpose of the legislation being construed is ambiguous. Pursuant to this rule, the courts are entitled to seek reference to earlier legislations that deal with sim ilar matters in order to unveil the true nature and purpose of the later Act of Parliament. Another important principle in statutory construction is the mischief rule. This rule is commonly applied to legislations that amend or revise prior Acts of Parliament that have been found to have some defects or mischief. Under this rule, when the curative legislation is written in such a way that its purpose is rendered ambiguous, the courts interpret it as having the intention of curing or removing the defect in the prior legislation. No other interpretation shall be given except that it is intended to cure the defect or mischief of the law stated in its purpose in the first place. The next principle in statutory construction is the literal rule basically mandates the courts to use the literal

Objectives of GPFRs in AASB and IASB Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Objectives of GPFRs in AASB and IASB - Essay Example It is to be noted that both the boards have set down the objectives of General Purpose Financial Reports on the different basis. The further sections of this report focus on the helpfulness of the objectives set down by International Accounting Standard Board to improve the general purpose financial report. There are several questions that have been raised regarding the usefulness of the objectives. A comparison of the objectives of both the Australian Accounting board and the International Accounting board is made to analyze which one of the two is better suited as objectives for the general purpose financial report. The next section deals with the meaning of general purpose financial report and helps understand the main reason why these reports are produced. General Purpose Financial Reports are prepared to focus on the requirements of users who require understanding the company’s financial status. This report provided the common information to users who cannot prepare speci fic information to meet their needs. There are a few financial entities that are authorized to prepare these reports. Since these reports are very general most of the time these reports focus on general information of the company which benefits only a few groups of people. The main users of General Purpose Financial Reports are divided into three main categories namely. Resource providers like employees, lenders, supplier, lenders, investors, etc. These groups of people are interested in knowing the financial status of the company to understand whether the resources provided are being put to efficient use and if the company is performing economically, efficiently and effectively (CPA Australia, 2002). Recipient of goods and services like consumers, customers, or any person benefiting from the goods or services provided by the reporting entity.  

Medea Euripides Analysis

Medea Euripides Analysis So long as the immense passion of the tragic heroine of the play is considered, Euripidess Medea is a work of pathetic tragedy from Aristotles point of view. It opens up with a major conflict between the heroine and her husband; the anger of a woman hero for her dishonest husband. Throughout the play, we see the culmination of anger and hatred rising to a point where everything dissolves and an anticlimactic end is attained through the accumulation of revenge in Medea. This is actually a shortcoming for a piece of tragedy because it does not reach to the highest possible quality and complexity from a plot as Aristotle would term it. The most important integral aspect in tragedy is its plot, the imitation of action. Because of the faulty treatment of the subject in hand, Euripides fails to achieve a complex plot in Medea. When Aristotle plunges into the components of a plot that make it complex, he cites three necessary elements successively; reversal of intention, recognition, and catastrophe. Accordingly, both reversal of intention and recognition must go hand  in hand in a cause-and-effect chain that ultimately in turn creates the catastrophe in the play for the best effect. However in Medea, we can observe no real reversal of intention as Medea is well de termined to take revenge from Jason in some way or the other right from the very start. Although there is an event where Medea directs her anger over her own children, this occurs in such an unexpected manner that it is difficult to consider it as a reversal of intention because there is no reasonable explanation or recognition for it to come afterwards. This unquestionably results in Medea lacking a recognition as there is no reversal of intention that precedes it. Medea already knows about the marriage of Jason to Creons daughter, and there is no other slight recognition that can be said to change the fortune of the tragic heroine. One could say that Aegeuss assurance of security in Athens for Medea is a discovery that allowed Medea to further proceed with her plans, but this is somewhat questionable as we can clearly see that she is determined to execute her planned scenario whether or not Aegeuss sudden appearance was included. The only surprising event that we can find remarkab le is when Medea slays her own children. This action is the one and only tragic incident that Aristotle would see as tragic. If this one and only tragic element did not exist, we could hardly say that Euripidess Medea was a tragedy even with a simple plot. But again, a surprising event can be favored only when it has relevance and a cause-and-effect relationship with the plot. That is however not exactly the case for Medeas decision to kill her children. Nevertheless, the intended action is executed in the end by the heroin, an act that is better than intending and not doing. When Aristotle comes to the skill of a tragedian to create a perfect unified play, he emphasizes the importance of firstly the complication, and secondly, the unraveling of the plot. To him, the best tragedian is one who can succeed in making these two parts equally well. But as long as in Medea there is no reversal of intention and recognition except for a simple catastrophe, the unraveling lacks the magnitude of the complication where Medea strategically makes plans, prepares for revenge, and tries to survive the pain. Moreover, the denouement of the play by a Deus ex Machina, a God interfering and allowing Medea to escape with a chariot, is very irrational for Aristotle as it does not arise out of the plot naturally. The Deus ex Machina used in Medea can be seen as faulty from another point which attributes to Aristotles moral understanding. Medeas escape or somewhat survival is morally not acceptable as she commits a cruel deed in killing her own children. We know that she is a descendent of a god and is the daughter of a king. But other than such circumstances she is in, she is in fact no better than us. Her tragic flaws such as extreme passion and anger all surpass being small frailties but they are rather vices. Though we see Medeas feelings of suffering through the visible evils of Jason, it is not easy for the audience to sympathize with a child murderess. Additionally, the past life of Medea is also full of blood and sin which are reminded to us from time to time either by the Chorus and ev en Medea herself. This ultimately results in the significant problem of Medea as a tragedy, as it fails in invoking catharsis towards the audience as little emotions of pity or fear can be aroused by the downfall of an utter villain. In Medea there is only one major plot which gives it a credit as a tragedy in Aristotelian terms. The struggle between a dishonest male and a sorceress female is the one and only simple basis of this plot. We dont see the level of complexity and perfection that Aristotle would seek, but our attention is not lost as Euripides does succeed us to be focused on the passionate angers and emotions of Medea throughout the whole play. Thus, the effect of tragedy is to a somewhat certain extent achieved in Medea but still fails in the main and most important purpose; the emotional cleansing that the audience is supposed to feel towards Medea. Statement of Intent Euripidess Medea revolves around the central passion of revenge towards her adversaries by the main protagonist, Medea as a result of her husband, Jasons betrayal towards her by an engagement to the daughter of Creon, King of Corinth. I decided to write a critical review of Medea through an Aristotelian perspective as to how Aristotle would criticize it if he had the chance. As Medea was different to the Aristotelian tragedies of the time, I expected that the Athenian audience would have responded in confusion and disfavor. I took Aristotles works of the Poetics as a backbone to my criticism. I tried to make the review critical in the sense that it not just only explains as to how the elements in Medea differ from Aristotles theory of tragedy, but attempts in exploring as to what effects were lost and why it mattered. In the early stages of my review, I criticize how Euripidess failure in creating a complex plot of one that Aristotle would expect results in how Medeas character is portrayed in a very limited and monotone manner in which her fate is seemingly doomed to lead to the final catastrophe from the very start. By breaking up the structure and examining its lack of Aristotelian concepts of tragedy in Medea, it allows one to lead to the discovery that the common understanding of Medea as a tragedy is actually an oversimplification and that one could even come to the conclusion that it barely qualifies to be even a tragedy by Aristotelian understanding. The criticisms towards the structural component of plot in Medea link into the characteristic flaws of Medea throug h my criticisms towards Euripidess use of the Deus ex Machina to resolve the plot in the final moments of the play. This sudden denouement in the play would strongly matter to Aristotle as its irrational manner would lack a unity where the action of each event leads inevitably to the next in a structurally self-contained manner that is connected by internal necessity, not by external interventions such as the one used by Euripides. Moreover, the Deus ex Machina has the strongest effect on the audience in which it ultimately fails to invoke the tragic emotions of pity and sympathy in the form of a catharsis towards the protagonist despite Euripidess attempts at doing so through the easily visible exposures of Jasons atrocities. This failure is not only just simply due to the immoral nature in which Medea kills her children, but from the fact that her life is full of atrocities which she does not seem to feel guilty as she confesses in her quarrel with Jason, I lit the way for your es cape I betrayed my father and my home I killed King PeliasAll this I did for you. And you, foulest of men, have betrayed me. (P33, Lines 460-468) Despite all the criticism that I have given to Euripides in my review, I do give credit to Euripides as to how he still manages to grasp hold of the audiences attention and involvement in the play. Nevertheless however, I still conclude with the Aristotelian perspective that the play still lacks the magnitude and perfection that Aristotle would have expected, which ultimately result in my greatest criticism that Euripides fails in creating the effect of convincement towards his audience to sympathize with Medeas emotions through catharsis.